Family: Asteraceae
Common Name: Golden Rod

In times past, healing properties have been attributed to these hardy herbaceous perennials from North America and Europe. Some species are quite vigorous and spreading. The alternate, simple leaves may be entire or toothed, and the daisy-type flowers are borne in sprays. Several species and numerous hybrids are grown in the US.

Species

S. canadensis, to 1.5 m (5 ft), has a rhizome but no crown. Sprays of bright yellow flowers appear in late summer.

S. virgaurea, European golden rod, is a hardy, upright perennial, 1 m (3 ft) high, with dense, terminal sprays of fluffy, yellow flower heads in late summer and autumn. Var. minuta grows to 30 cm (12 in) and makes a suitable rock garden plant. There are many cultivars and hybrids of golden rod including dwarf or low-growing kinds which are the most popular with gardeners. A very well-known compact hybrid is S. 'Goldenmosa' which grows to 75cm with pale yellow flowers.

Cultivation

These easy-care plants can become invasive especially in warm climates. S. canadensis can be invasive, although the new cultivars have helped to overcome this problem. Solidagos can be grown in almost any garden soil, in sun or partial shade. Tall types may require staking. Propagate by division of the clumps every three years, in spring and autumn. They can also be raised from seed sown in situ. Flowering will occur in the second year.

Climate

There are species suited to various climatic zones. All are very hardy.